These numbered thoroughfare names may include fractions.
Example: 6½ Avenue in New York, United States of America
Thoroughfares may change their names one or more times along their lengths. Examples: a single short street in Amsterdam has the names Tichelstraat, then 2e Anjeliersdwarsstraat, then 2e Tuindwarsstraat, then 1e Anjeliersdwarsstraat then 1e Tuindwarsstraat then 1e Egalantiersdwarsstraat. The street is about 500 metres in length.
Example: Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Example: Ochtrup, Germany. In this case the reason is probably historic as the city wall would once have stood at this point.
Equally a single name may be given to a string of thoroughfares. Examples: Yonge Street in Canada, which is often billed as the longest street in the world but is, in fact, a string of different thoroughfares (some not contiguous) with the same name.
Not all thoroughfares are named. This is the case for the majority of thoroughfares in many developing countries, and many drives, ramps etc. in developed countries. Many Eastern Asian countries address on the basis of buildings with thoroughfares not having names.
Example: In Japan addressing is on the basis of numbered buildings, blocks, streets and districts:
Example: In Mannheim, Germany, the centre is built on a grid system where few of the streets are named. The building blocks have been given a letter and number between A1 and U6, and buildings are numbered within these blocks:
Single thoroughfares, especially dual carriageways, may be named differently on either side of the thoroughfare:
A single thoroughfare in Edinburgh, United Kingdom, with a different name for each carriageway
However, this may also be found in single carriageway thoroughfares, such Oxford/Cambridge Terrace in Gateshead, United Kingdom:
A single thoroughfare in Gateshead, United Kingdom, with a different name for each side of the thoroughfare.
Paul Plowman has listed other examples of these in the United Kingdom here
Thoroughfare names often do not have a thoroughfare type string, such as Street, Avenue or Lane. Examples:
Piccadilly LONDON W1J 9PN UNITED KINGDOM
Example: Ochtrup, Germany
Thoroughfare names may have multiple thoroughfare type strings. Examples:
Hill Street Park Lane Church Hill Road
Dyke Road Avenue
Example: Avenue Road, Toronto
Example: Dyke Road Avenue in Brighton, United Kingdom:
Thoroughfare names may consist only of a single throughfare type:
Example: A thoroughfare in Cumbria, United Kingdom, is simply called "Street":
The street Street in Cumbria, United Kingdom.
The thoroughfare type appears generally at the end of the thoroughfare name in some languages (e.g. Station Road) but at the beginning in other languages (e.g. rue de Paris). Within a single language area there will always be exceptions to this: Steenweg op Bergen, for example.
The thoroughfare type may be a word separate from the rest of the thoroughfare name in some language (e.g. Station Road) but part of the name string in others (e.g. Bahnhofstraße). Within a single language area there will always be exceptions to this: Beethoven Straße, Whip-Ma-Whop-Ma-Gate.
Thoroughfares may have their names changed.
Example: The history of the name of the Magdeburger Allee in Erfurt, Germany (Map):
Hauptstraße when the municipality of Ilversgehofens became part of Erfurt. Poststraße between 1912 and 1933. Horst-Wessel-Straße between 1933 and 1945. Straße der Guten Hoffnung in 1945/46. Weißenseer Allee between 1946 and 1950. Stalinallee between 1950 and 1961. Karl-Marx-Allee between 1961 and 1990. Magdeburger Allee since 1990.
Example: A Belgrade street that began as "Two White Doves" in 1872 was renamed Svetogorska in 1896, Bitoljska in 1922, Georges Clemenceau in 1930, Svetogorska (again) in 1943, Lola Ribar in 1946, and Svetogorska (again) in 1997.
Source: Wikipedia
Thoroughfares may have names in more than one language.
A thoroughfare with a trilingual name in Tel-Aviv-Yafo. Source: Wikipedia
Thoroughfares may have more than one name in a single language.
Example: The section of St. Joseph Street running through Toronto's University of St. Michael's College is co-named Marshall McLuhan Way. Source: Wikipedia
Example: Sixth Avenue in New York is also called Avenue of the Americas.
Example: High Street and Canongate, Edinburgh, United Kingdom are known as The Royal Mile.
There may be more than one thoroughfare sharing the same name in a single place.
Example: London, United Kingdom, has three Abbey Roads.
Example: Boston, United States of America, has three Washington Streets.
Thoroughfares may be given abbreviated or nicknames.
Example: Seattle, United States of America: University Way NE is nicknames The Ave.
Thoroughfares may be written in a character set other than that used by the language of the country concerned. I.e., it may contain foreign diacritical marks. This is often the case when a thoroughfare is named after a foreign person.
Example: rue Béla Bartók in France. Ó is not a diacritic found in French.
Thoroughfares may be named but not (any longer) publicly accessible:
Stralsund, Germany
A single thoroughfare may not be contiguous or unidirectional:
In standard spoken English, a thoroughfare name containing the thoroughfare typeStreet has the emphasis on the first syllable of the name:
Thoroughfare types may also be the thoroughfare's name. For example, The Street, Bredgar, Kent. This also illustrates well the need to take context into account when processing address data - at the time of writing, Google uniformally truncates Street to St, which is not acceptable in cases like these.
The Street, Bredgar, Kent
Practical International Data Management Online. A free resource from GRC Data Intelligence. For comments, questions or feedback: pidm@grcdi.nl
(USA)
(United Arab Emirates)
A single thoroughfare in Edinburgh, United Kingdom, with a different name for each carriageway
A single thoroughfare in Gateshead, United Kingdom, with a different name for each side of the thoroughfare. 
The street Street in Cumbria, United Kingdom. 
Source: Wikipedia
A thoroughfare with a trilingual name in Tel-Aviv-Yafo. Source: Wikipedia
Source: Wikipedia
The Street, Bredgar, Kent